This study examines the policy and legal framework gaps undermining effective disaster risk reduction (DRR) in Bor South County, Jonglei State, South Sudan. Drawing from government policy documents, legal instruments, and interviews with local officials, humanitarian workers, and community leaders, we assess the extent to which existing frameworks address disaster preparedness, response, and resilience building. Guided by international DRR principles, including the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030), we evaluate the alignment of South Sudan’s national policies with localized needs in flood-prone and conflict-affected areas. Using a qualitative content analysis supported by thematic coding, we identify significant shortcomings in coordination mechanisms, resource allocation, enforcement capacity, and community participation. Our findings reveal that while policy instruments exist at national and state levels, their implementation in Bor South County is constrained by institutional weaknesses, inadequate legal enforcement, and fragmented governance. The paper recommends policy reforms, capacity-building measures, and stronger legal mandates to ensure DRR strategies are context-sensitive, inclusive, and enforceable. The implications for disaster governance in fragile states are discussed in light of international best practices.

Keywords: Disaster risk reduction, policy gaps, legal frameworks, Bor South County, Sendai
Framework, governance, South Sudan.